OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION
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Outdoor air pollution is a major environmental health problem affecting everyone in low-, middle, and high-income countries.
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Some deaths may be attributed to more than one risk factor at the same time. For example, both smoking and ambient air pollution affect lung cancer. Some lung cancer deaths could have been averted by improving ambient air quality, or by reducing tobacco smoking.
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Addressing all risk factors for noncommunicable diseases – including air pollution – is key to protecting public health.
OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION DEATHS
43 %
25 %
27 %
17 %
29 %
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Disease from Ischaemic Heart Disease
Stroke
Acute Lower Respiratory Infection
Lung Cancer
4.2 Million
death every year
Occurs as a result of exposure to ambient (Outdoor )air pollution
POLLUTANTS AND THEIR HEALTH EFFECTS
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PM
Particulate Matter
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Asthma
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Emphysema
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COPD
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Chronic Bronchitis
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Lung cancer
O3
Ozone
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Asthma
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Emphysema
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Chronic Bronchitis
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COPD
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Lung cancer
NO2
Nitrogen Dioxide
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Affect Lung Function & Cardiac Disorder
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Pulmonary Firbrosis
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Pheumonia
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Asthma
CO2
Corbon Dioxide
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Inflammation
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Kidney Calcification
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Bone Demineralization
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Endothelial Dysfunction
CO
Carbon Monoxide
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Heart & Respiratory Disease & Convulsion
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Breathing Problem
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Asphyxia
SO2
Sulfur Dioxide
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Affect Lung Function
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Asthma
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Mucous Secretion
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Chronic Bronchitis
VOCs
Volatile Organic Compound
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Central Nervous System & Carcinogenic
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Cancer (Leukemia & Lymphoma)
There are many examples of successful policies that reduce air pollution:
Industry
Improvements in the management of urban and agricultural waste, such as the capture of methane gas released from waste sites as an alternative to incineration, as well as clean technologies that minimize industrial smokestack emissions.
Energy
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Ensuring that cooking, heating, and lighting solutions for the home are accessible, inexpensive, and clean.
Transport
Switching to renewable energy sources; giving priority to walking and cycling networks, quick urban transportation, and rail intercity freight and passenger service; converting to low-emissions, cleaner heavy-duty diesel cars and fuels, such as those with lower sulphur content.
Urban Planning
Urban planning increases building energy efficiency and makes cities more compact and environment friendly.
Power Generation
Greater use of low-emissions fuels, combustion-free renewable energy sources (such as solar, wind, or hydropower), combined heat and power generation, and distributed energy generation (such as mini-grids and rooftop solar power generating).
Municipal Waste Management
